- In his article "Proposal Pending on Mileage for Heavy-Duty Vehicles", (2010) Matthew L. Wald asserts that in the past 3 decades our Federal government has tightened mileage standards for all small vehicles, but it is now preparing to make heavy duty vehicles much more efficient. Matthew L. Wald supports his article by including studies done by Scientist's on fuel consumption and emissions, along with Obama's Administration aggressive interests o make a proposal by the end of this week. His purpose is to inform readers about our Government's valiant efforts to make heavy duty vehicles more efficient, in order to show American's it is in the Governments best of interest to cut down our countries fuel consumption and gas emissions. His tone is serious and informative, targeting an audience of people that in an industry that use heavy duty vehicles ad people who are concerned of consumption and high gas prices.
- In the blog "Gas Prices and Smart Policies", (2011) Energy Independence Now asserts that with the price of oil going up this week it goes to show how susceptible the United States really is to the instability of corrupt foreign countries that import our oil and how greatly affects our wallet, therefore we need to be innovators and start a new trend: hybrid, bio fuel transportation. The site supports its claims by using credible sources such as; The National Highway Transportation Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), showing statistics what the requirements will be in 2025 including emissions and fuel economy for American vehicles, which if automotive companies increase their efficiency jsut 3% each year, in 2025 every single car will be getting 42 mpg. Their purpose is to show that even if gas goes up 5 dollars a gallon we won't fret because our cars will be so efficient it will be compareable to $2.50 a gallon in order to cause fellow americans to think about other things then ANWAR but to be supportive of hybrid and biofuel cars because thats what the future foreholds. The tone of the blog is passionate and is directed towards anyone who is willing to think of ways to be energy independent rather then onshore drilling.
- Citation:Energy Indepedence Now. "Gas Prices and Smart Policy." www.einnow.org. N.p., 17 Feb. 2011. Web. 18 Feb. 2011. <http://www.einow.org/index.php?option=com_wordpress&p=357&Itemid=5>.
- In the article "Improved Horizontal Well Stimulation in The Bakken Formation", (2004) Charles Wiley and Bob Barree et al assert that certain basins in the formation have been rejuvenated through an improvement with horizontal drilling versus hydraulic drilling, which horizontal has been in evolving in the past years but has now finally reached optimum productivity. They support their claims through describing the dimensions of various basins, along with the basin's density's and the amount of hydrocarbon they bear. Their purpose is to give researchers and people who are interested in this specific topic an in depth analysis of each basin in order to provide specifics of what is acutally going scientifically versus just stating how many barrels each basin could produce. The Authors' tone's are serious and very informational.
Citation: Wiley, Charles , Bob Barree, Eberhard Mike , and Tom Lantz."Improved Horizontal Well Stimulation in The Bakken Formation." Google Scholar. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2004. Web. 11 Feb. 2011. <http://www.onepetro.org/mslib/app/Preview.do?paperNumber=00090697&societyCode=SPE>.
Citation:
Chu, Steven . "Journey to Energy Independence." www.americanenergyindependence.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2011.
- In his article "International Oil Security: Problems and Policies", (2002) Michael A. Toman asserts that energy independence for the United States considering oil might not be perhaps the best solution to lower our high gas prices and potentially higher ones. He supports his claims through a great knowledge of understanding how the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries operates and past history of the United States trying this independent method use of energy subsequently raising prices even higher. His purpose is to make his reader's understand how OPEC uses supply and demand to its favor and that Oil companies in America are all about the money not the interests of Americans, in order to show that we need to pursue other options such as fuel economy because energy independence will just lead to extremely high gas prices. Toman uses a serious tone and directs his article to anyone that pays for their own gas or is quizzical why we don't use our own oil.
Quotes:
"Since the release of the administration's energy policy plan, the terrorist attacks, and heightened international tensions in the Middle East and elsewhere during the fall of 2001, rarely has a week gone by without a statement in the press by some pundit for increased energy security – and even "energy independence" or freedom from imported oil."
"World oil prices rose from about $10/barrel in 1998 to over $30/barrel in late 2000, though they have since eroded to below $20/barrel. In 2000, the United States imported almost 60% of its total petroleum consumption, though imports from the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) were only about one-quarter of consumption (45% of total U.S. imports)."
"If one wants to accelerate the pace of energy diversification, then what is needed are more public expenditure on a much more concerted effort to overcome technical hurdles and a change in the current economic condition of energy markets wherein low fossil fuel prices make advanced technology development and diffusion unprofitable."
"Even if we could magically and costlessly raise domestic output tomorrow to eliminate our imports, a shock in world oil markets would still affect domestic prices and threaten macroeconomic distress. This is because U.S. petroleum suppliers would charge the same price as other suppliers charge internationally."
Citation:
Toman, Michael A. "International Oil Security: Problems and Policies." www.rff.org. Resources For The Future, Jan. 2002. Web. 15 Feb. 2011. <http://www.rff.org/Search/Results.aspx?k=michael%20a%20toman>.
- In his article "Journey to Energy Independence", ( ) Steven Chu asserts that the most effective way to reduce our dependency on foreign oil is to simply use less of it and seek potential bio fuels in the meantime. He supports his claims statistically through showing how many barrels of oil Americans use daily and what percentages with personal or commercial use. His purpose is to tell Americans that oil will not be obsolete for a long time to come but we need to continue to research and study different types of bio fuels and methods of energy in order to create energy security for use and stop depending on foreign countries. His tone is serioua and his article is primarily directed towards anyone because in general any business is affected by the ebb and flow prices of oil.
Citation:
Chu, Steven . "Journey to Energy Independence." www.americanenergyindependence.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2011.
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